openSUSE 13.2
Release Notes #
openSUSE is a free and Linux-based operating system for your PC, Laptop or Server. You can surf the web, manage your e-mails and photos, do office work, play videos or music and have a lot of fun!
Autorinės teisės © 2001 Linas Spraunius, 2004 Andrius Štikonas <stikonas@gmail.com>, 2006, 2008 Mindaugas Baranauskas, 2009, 2010, 2013. Jonas Gocentas
Jei senesnę sistemos versiją naujovinote iki šios openSUSE laidos, ankstesnių laidos informacijų ieškokite čia: http://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Release_Notes
1 Diegimas #
1.1 Išsami informacija apie diegimą #
Išsamesnės informacijos apie diegimą ieškokite Skyrius 2.1, „openSUSE dokumentacija“.
2 Bendra #
2.1 openSUSE dokumentacija #
Pradžiamokslyje rasite diegimo instrukcijas, KDE ir GNOME darbalaukių bei LibreOffice raštinės programų rinkinio trumpus aprašymus. Taip pat paliečiamos svarbiausios administravimo temos, pvz., išskleidimas ir programinės įrangos tvarkymas, įvadas į bash apvalkalą.
Įdiegę opensuse-manuals_$LANG
, dokumentaciją rasite /usr/share/doc/manual/opensuse-startup_$LANG
. Ji prieinama ir saityne adresu http://doc.opensuse.org.
2.2 UEFI—Unifikuota išplečiama programinės aparatinės įrangos sąsaja #
Prior to installing openSUSE on a system that boots using UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface), you are urgently advised to check for any firmware updates the hardware vendor recommends and, if available, to install such an update. A pre-installed Windows 8 is a strong indication that your system boots using UEFI.
Background: Some UEFI firmware has bugs that cause it to break if too much
data gets written to the UEFI storage area. Nobody really knows how much "too much" is, though.
openSUSE minimizes the risk by not writing more than the bare minimum required to boot the OS.
The minimum means telling the UEFI firmware about the location of the openSUSE boot loader.
Upstream Linux Kernel features that use the UEFI storage area for storing boot and crash
information (pstore
) have been disabled by default. Nevertheless, it is
recommended to install any firmware updates the hardware vendor recommends.
2.3 UEFI, GPT ir MS-DOS skaidiniai #
Together with the EFI/UEFI specification, a new style of partitioning arrived: GPT (GUID Partition Table). This new schema uses globally unique identifiers (128-bit values displayed in 32 hexadecimal digits) to identify devices and partition types.
Additionally, the UEFI specification also allows legacy MBR (MS-DOS) partitions. The Linux boot loaders (ELILO or GRUB2) try to automatically generate a GUID for those legacy partitions, and write them to the firmware. Such a GUID can change frequently, causing a rewrite in the firmware. A rewrite consist of two different operation: removing the old entry and creating a new entry that replaces the first one.
Šiuolaikinė programinė aparatinė įranga stengiasi surinkti „šiukšles“ – ištrintus įrašus ir išlaisvina seniesiems įrašams skirtą vietą. Problemų kyla, kai klaidinga programinė įranga nesurenka šiukšlių ir neišlaisvina tų įrašų; dėl to sistema gali nebepasileisti.
Sprendimas paprastas: nesklandumų visiškai išvengsite senąjį MBR skaidinį konvertavę į naująjį GPT.
2.4 Paleidimas, kai įgalinta saugaus paleidimo veiksena #
Tai liečia tik kompiuterius su UEFI veiksena, kuriuose įjungtas saugus sistemos paleidimas (secure boot).
The new version of the shim loader allows more machines to boot with Secure Boot enabled than with openSUSE 13.1. Nevertheless, in case of trouble, first update the BIOS of your machine to the latest version. If the BIOS update does not help, report the model of your machine to the wiki (http://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:UEFI). Then we can track it for the next release.
3 Sistemos naujovinimas #
4 Techninės detalės #
4.1 Garbage on the Screen During Installation with the Nouveau Driver #
On some systems with NVIDIA cards, the installer may show garbage on the top part of the screen due to problems with the default nouveau driver. If you are affected by this problem, you can disable the nouveau kernel module to run the installer and then enable it again once the system is installed or upgraded.
To disable the kernel module, once you boot from the installation media, select the
'Installation' entry in grub and press 'e' to edit the parameters. Then go to the line starting
with 'linux' (or 'linuxefi') and add brokenmodules=nouveau
at the end. Now
press F10 to continue booting with the new parameter. After the system is installed, you can
re-enable the nouveau module by editing /etc/modprobe.d/50-blacklist.conf
and removing the entry that blacklists nouveau.
4.2 AppArmor ir leidimų nustatymai #
AppArmor is enabled by default. This means more security, but might prevent services from working if you run them in unexpected ways. If you encounter strange permission problems, try to switch the AppArmor profile for the affected service to complain mode with:
aa-complain /usr/bin/$your_service
Complain mode means: allow everything, and log things that the profile would not allow.
Even if it helps, report it as a bug! We want to fix AppArmor profiles to also cover corner cases.
4.3 Skype #
Naudojant PulseAudio 4.0 kyla bėdų su dabartine Skype versija, kuri skirta Linux sistemai (v4.2). Kol nebus atnaujinta Skype programa, programą paleiskite komandinėje eilutėje:
PULSE_LATENCY_MSEC=60 skype
Daugiau informacijos apie šį riktą http://arunraghavan.net/2013/08/pulseaudio-4-0-and-skype/.
5 Įvairenybės #
Nėra informacijos
6 More Information and Feedback #
Read the READMEs on the CDs.
Get detailed changelog information about a particular package from the RPM:
rpm --changelog -qp <FILENAME>.rpm
<FILENAME>. is the name of the RPM.
Check the
ChangeLog
file in the top level of the DVD for a chronological log of all changes made to the updated packages.Find more information in the
docu
directory on the DVD.https://activedoc.opensuse.org/ contains additional or updated documentation.
Visit http://www.opensuse.org for the latest product news from openSUSE.
Copyright © 2014 SUSE LLC
Thanks for using openSUSE.
The openSUSE Team.